Desertification, along with climate change and the loss of biodiversity, were identified as the greatest challenges to sustainable development during the 1992 Rio Earth Summit. Established in 1994, UNCCD is the sole legally...
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Since the early 1990s the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) has concentrated its efforts on preventing industrial accidents and especially their transboundary effects in its region, which stretches from Canada...
The Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources is an international treaty that was adopted at the Conference on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources which met at Canberra, Australia, 7–20...
The Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty was signed in Madrid on October 4, 1991 and entered into force in 1998. It designates Antarctica as a “ natural reserve, devoted to peace and science” (Art. 2)...
This Convention was established in 1946, making it one of the first pieces of international environmental legislation. The International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling is the legal framework of the International Whaling...
The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) entered into force on 29 December 1993. It has 3 main objectives: * The conservation of biological diversity * The sustainable use of the components of biological diversity * The fair...
The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer was designed to reduce the production and consumption of ozone depleting substances in order to reduce their abundance in the atmosphere, and thereby protect the...
The Convention for the Conservation of Antarctic Seals (CCAS) is part of Antarctic Treaty System. Although CCAS is an independent agreement, it contains provisions committing its Parties to essential parts of the Antarctic Treaty...
The Kyoto Protocol is an international agreement linked to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, which commits its Parties by setting internationally binding emission reduction targets. Recognizing that...
The Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution was the first international legally binding instrument to deal with problems of air pollution on a broad regional basis. It was signed in 1979 and entered into force in 1983...