Social Protection & Labor The World Bank; Children & Youth, 2010, ACTIVE LABOR MARKET PROGRAMS FOR YOUTH, A Framework to Guide Youth Employment Interventions, General background document on issues in our research matrix, No. 16 World Bank, Washington DC.

2.3 DIRECT ACTIONS IN COMMUNITIES

2.3.2 Entrepreneurship: Capacity strengthening on economic activities

Recommendation: 3. Share training model for people dependent on the IE with relevant local training authorities for wider replication.

Reference: Social Protection & Labor The World Bank; Children & Youth, 2010, ACTIVE LABOR MARKET PROGRAMS FOR YOUTH, A Framework to Guide Youth Employment Interventions, General background document on issues in our research matrix, World Bank Employment Policy Primer November 2010, No. 16 World Bank, Washington DC.

Evidence sample: The evaluation of a series of projects indicated that comprehensive programs that provide a combination of business management and leader-ship skills, financial literacy, micro-credit and/ or insurance schemes.

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2.3 DIRECT ACTIONS IN COMMUNITIES

2.3.2 Entrepreneurship: Capacity strengthening on economic activities

Recommendation: 23. Consider including older more experienced youth to mentor younger and less experienced youth.

Reference: Social Protection & Labor The World Bank; Children & Youth, 2010, ACTIVE LABOR MARKET PROGRAMS FOR YOUTH, A Framework to Guide Youth Employment Interventions, General background document on issues in our research matrix, World Bank Employment Policy Primer November 2010, No. 16 World Bank, Washington DC.

Evidence sample: The analysis identified the opportunity to network with other new and established entrepreneurs as a good practice.

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2.4 APPROACHES TO ENHANCE LIVELIHOODS, EQUITY AND INCLUSION

2.4.6. Strengthening IE with attention to youth and children

Recommendation: 4) When planning youth employment projects, it is important to identify the target population and the constraints for finding jobs. Development actions should then be developed that correspond to the identified constraints.

Note possible constraints:

• Basic skills—literacy and numeracy—are the foundation of communication and further skills development processes.
• Technical skills—trade- or job-specific skills range from manual skills to computer literacy.
• Behavioural skills—or non-cognitive skills— consist of a range of personality traits such as motivation, socio-emotional regulation, time management, and the ability to work with others
• Entrepreneurial skills—both the creativity to invent/adopt a new product or process and the business skills to market the idea. These are essential for the self-employed and employees.

Reference: Social Protection & Labor The World Bank; Children & Youth, 2010, ACTIVE LABOR MARKET PROGRAMS FOR YOUTH, A Framework to Guide Youth Employment Interventions, General background document on issues in our research matrix, World Bank Employment Policy Primer November 2010, No. 16, World Bank, Washington DC.

Evidence sample: the analysis determined that in planning youth employment projects, it is important to identify the target population and the constraints for finding jobs.  The analysis noted that it is important to bear in mind that youth are not a homogenous group. Each sub-group has its own set of constraints that hinder entry to the labour market such as differential unemployment rates between young women and men, youth of different ages, rural and urban dwellers.

Development actions should then be developed that correspond to the identified constraints.

Note possible constraints:

1) Basic skills—literacy and numeracy—are the foundation of communication and further skills development processes.

2) Technical skills—trade- or job-specific skills range from manual skills to computer literacy.

3)  Behavioural skills—or non-cognitive skills— consist of a range of personality traits such as motivation, socio-emotional regulation, time management, and the ability to work with others

4) Entrepreneurial skills—both the creativity to

invent/adopt a new product or process and the business skills to market the idea. These are essential for the self-employed and employees.