EU-funded support can include, for example, legal aid, assistance through Human Rights Defenders, etc. ILO C-29 defines forced labour as "all work or service which is exacted from any person under the threat of a penalty and for which the person has not offered himself or herself voluntarily." This can refer to, inter alia, abuse of vulnerability, deception, restriction of movement, isolation, physical and sexual violence, intimidation and threats, retention of identity documents, withholding of wages, debt bondage, abusive working and living conditions, excessive overtime, etc. 

 

ILO C-105 specifically prohibits the use of forced labour by states authorities to curtail freedom of expression and of association, to encourage discrimination of all kind, to pursue economic objectives or as means of labour discipline. 

 

It is important to underline the 2014 Protocol to ILO C-29 further defines forced labour by including trafficking – defined as “recruitment, transportation, transfer, harbouring or receipt of persons for the purpose of exploitation”, as well as slavery – defined as forms of “forced labour, debt bondage, serfdom, children working in slavery or slavery-like conditions, domestic servitude, sexual slavery, and servile forms of marriage”.